Suchergebnisse

«Difendere con i seni nudi l'uguaglianza sociale e sessuale nel mondo» è il manifesto programmatico di Femen, movimento di attiviste che lottano attraverso mezzi non convenzionali –esposizione del corpo femminile nella sfera pubblica come strategia di protesta– contro il potere maschile espresso nel patriarcato, nella politica, nella religione. Con femministe e non di tutte le latitudini schierate contro di loro –incluse quelle della nativa Ucraina– e con i mass media pronti a documentare e a diffondere ogni loro uscita in strada, le Femen sono un fenomeno del nostro tempo su cui vale la pena di soffermarsi; al di là della loro visibilità, infatti, costituiscono materiale di riflessione. Nelle pagine che seguono abbiamo scelto di guardare Femen attraverso due possibili lenti analitiche –politica e performativa– non necessariamente escludenti tra loro. ; «Defending with bare breasts social and sexual equality in the world» is the manifesto of Femen, movement of women activists who struggle against male power –espressed by patriarchy, politics and religion– by exposing their body in the public sphere as a strategy of protest. With feminists of all over fielded against them –including those of native Ukraine– and the mass-media eager to document and disseminate each street protest, Femen is a phenomenon of our times which offers us food for thought. In the following pages, we intend to look at Femen through the political and the performative lens, two possible and not necessarily mutually excluding analytical perspectives.

«Difendere con i seni nudi l'uguaglianza sociale e sessuale nel mondo» è il manifesto programmatico di Femen, movimento di attiviste che lottano attraverso mezzi non convenzionali – esposizione del corpo femminile nella sfera pubblica come strategia di protesta – contro il potere maschile espresso nel patriarcato, nella politica, nella religione. Con femministe e non di tutte le latitudini schierate contro di loro – incluse quelle della nativa Ucraina – e con i mass media pronti a documentare e a diffondere ogni loro uscita in strada, le Femen sono un fenomeno del nostro tempo su cui vale la pena di soffermarsi; al di là della loro visibilità, infatti, costituiscono materiale di riflessione. Nelle pagine che seguono abbiamo scelto di guardare Femen attraverso due possibili lenti analitiche – politica e performativa – non necessariamente escludenti tra loro.

The setting for our ethnographic research is Padua (Padova) a middle-sized northern Italian town well known for its ancient University and its basilica of Saint Anthony, Il Santo. In 1998 the municipality of Padua counted only 5,600 migrants, primarily from Nigeria, the Philippines and Morocco; by 2008 this number had quadrupled, comprising in large part people from Eastern Europe and the Balkans in search of work in Padua's lively tertiary and service sectors. In this context, we query whether Turner's concept of 'social drama' is an applicable model for exploring questions such as whether migrants have provoked a crisis that is upsetting the status quo in the region; whether such crisis is recognizable in the public sphere and, if so, how it is manifested and how it may be overcome. Above all, is Turner's model capable of unveiling the sense of what is occurring in our towns, in our neighbourhoods, in the tens of public speeches of the actors involved, both migrants and hosts? These are, in sum, the questions around which our work has been revolving in the past years, and to which we have attempted to provide an answer, here and elsewhere. Keywords: migrants, Italian town, city change, Turner's redressive phase

This report is part of the HERANET funded project FOOD2GATHER. The project aims at understanding the question of integration/exclusion of migrants through foodscapes. An important step in this direction is to analyse the contextual framework within which food-related practices, norms and values are embedded in European societies. Food controversies that have raised and have been reported in the media since the "2015 migrants' crisis" across Europe can reveal important aspects related to such norms and values and indicate possible tensions and compromises. This report presents and discusses relevant food controversies that occurred in the six countries participating in the study (Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Norway, and the Netherlands). This will generate a contextual overview of the integration/exclusion of migrants through foodscapes. Controversy has been used as a tool and a scanner. Each of the six FOOD2GATHER teams provided two relevant controversies that have reached media attention in the last ten years. One of the two had to be related to halal food. The analysis of the controversies has been conducted by identifying issues they tackled, agents they involved, (public) spaces and situations in which controversies took place and what they produced. A comparative analysis of relevant variables related to migrations, such as the geopolitical position of the countries, organization of reception and food provision, has been conducted as well. The six countries included in the study have different traditions related to migration and have been exposed to the "migrants' crisis" in different ways. These differences are reflected in the proposed controversies. However, some common traits tend to emerge and reveal power relationships within societies that are different or shared by the countries involved in the project. We show that these power relationships particularly deal with the right to food, citizens' commitment, identity, the place of religion, animal welfare and political issues. Our study indicates that analysing controversies adds an important dimension to the study of foodscapes. Food controversies that reach the media attention are seldom something migrants have brought up themselves. The migrants' representation in the media based on food controversies indicated that migrants are given little opportunity to negotiating values and practices, as norms about "the right" quantity and quality of food tend to reproduce the food model of the country they migrate to, also when there is a "positive" focus on ethnic business. To better understand these dynamics, we propose the concept of "food encounters" and illustrate how the type of food encounters can play a role in how foodscapes could evolve or even emerge.